Bottle capping is the process of sealing bottles with caps to preserve their contents, such as beverages or other liquids. This step is crucial in packaging, as it prevents contamination and maintains freshness. Various types of caps, including screw caps and crown caps, are used depending on the bottle design and product requirements. The capping process can be done manually or with machines, known as capping machines. These machines efficiently apply caps at high speeds, ensuring consistency and reducing the risk of human error. Proper capping is essential for maintaining product quality and extending shelf life.