A boost converter is a type of DC-DC converter that steps up (increases) the voltage from a lower level to a higher level. It uses an inductor, a switch (usually a transistor), a diode, and a capacitor to achieve this voltage increase. When the switch is closed, current flows through the inductor, storing energy. When the switch opens, the energy is released, causing the voltage to rise. Boost converters are commonly used in various applications, such as battery-powered devices, where higher voltage is needed for efficient operation. They are essential in powering devices like LEDs, portable electronics, and solar power systems, ensuring that the required voltage levels are met.