Bonsai techniques involve various methods to cultivate and shape miniature trees. Key practices include pruning, which reduces the size of leaves and branches, and wiring, where flexible wire is used to guide the growth of branches into desired shapes. These techniques help maintain the tree's small size while promoting a natural appearance. Another important aspect is root pruning, which involves trimming the roots to prevent the tree from becoming root-bound in its pot. Additionally, proper watering and fertilization are essential to ensure the health of the bonsai. Together, these techniques create a harmonious balance between aesthetics and the tree's well-being.