The Bitwise XOR (exclusive OR) is a binary operation that compares two bits. It outputs a 1 if the bits are different and a 0 if they are the same. For example, if you compare the bits 0 and 1, the result is 1. However, if you compare 1 and 1, the result is 0. This operation is commonly used in computer science for tasks like error detection and cryptography. In programming, the Bitwise XOR is often represented by the caret symbol (^). It can be applied to integers, where each bit of the numbers is compared. For instance, the Bitwise XOR of 5 (binary 0101) and 3 (binary 0011) results in 6 (binary 0110). This operation is useful for toggling bits and performing certain algorithms efficiently.