Birth control methods are techniques used to prevent pregnancy during sexual intercourse. They can be categorized into hormonal methods, such as birth control pills and patches, which regulate hormones to prevent ovulation, and barrier methods, like condoms and diaphragms, which physically block sperm from reaching the egg. Other options include intrauterine devices (IUDs), which are inserted into the uterus to prevent fertilization, and natural methods, such as tracking ovulation cycles. Each method varies in effectiveness, side effects, and suitability, allowing individuals to choose what best fits their needs and lifestyle.