Bird plumage refers to the feathers that cover a bird's body. These feathers serve various functions, including insulation, waterproofing, and aiding in flight. The colors and patterns of plumage can vary widely among species, often playing a crucial role in attracting mates or providing camouflage in their environment. Plumage can change with seasons, especially in species like ducks and songbirds, which may undergo molting. Young birds often have different plumage than adults, which can help them avoid predators. Overall, plumage is essential for a bird's survival, reproduction, and adaptation to its habitat.