Biological characteristics refer to the physical and functional traits of living organisms. These traits include aspects such as genetic makeup, cell structure, and metabolic processes. They help define how an organism grows, reproduces, and interacts with its environment. These characteristics can vary widely among different species, influencing their adaptability and survival. For example, the color of fur in animals can provide camouflage, while leaf shape in plants can affect photosynthesis efficiency. Understanding these traits is essential for studying evolution and biodiversity.