Binary asteroids are a type of celestial object consisting of two components: a primary asteroid and a smaller companion that orbits around it. These systems can vary in size and distance between the two bodies, and they are thought to form through various processes, such as collisions or gravitational interactions. Scientists study binary asteroids to learn more about their formation and evolution, as well as to gain insights into the early solar system. Notable examples include 1996 FG3 and 617 Patroclus, which help researchers understand the dynamics of these unique systems and their potential impact on Earth.