Biederman is a psychological theory developed by Irving Biederman that focuses on how humans recognize and categorize objects. This theory emphasizes the importance of basic shapes, known as "geons," which are the building blocks of three-dimensional objects. According to Biederman, our brains can identify objects by breaking them down into these simpler components, allowing for quick recognition even in varying contexts. The Biederman theory is significant in the field of cognitive psychology and has implications for understanding visual perception. It helps explain how we can recognize familiar objects despite changes in size, orientation, or lighting. This understanding is crucial for advancements in areas like artificial intelligence and computer vision.