Biathlon is a winter sport that combines two disciplines: cross-country skiing and rifle shooting. Athletes race on skis over a set distance, stopping at designated shooting ranges to hit targets. The sport tests both endurance and precision, as competitors must quickly transition from skiing to shooting. Competitors face penalties for missed targets, which can include extra distance added to their race or time penalties. Biathlon events are popular in many countries, especially in Europe, and are featured in the Winter Olympics. The sport has a rich history, originating from military training in the 18th century.