Bethlem Royal Hospital, often referred to as Bedlam, is one of the oldest psychiatric hospitals in the world, founded in 1247 in London, England. It has a long history of treating mental illness and has evolved significantly over the centuries, moving from a place of confinement to a modern facility focused on patient care and rehabilitation. Today, Bethlem Royal Hospital is part of the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and provides a range of mental health services. The hospital is known for its research and education in psychiatry, contributing to advancements in the understanding and treatment of mental health disorders.