"Benthic" refers to the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water, such as oceans, rivers, and lakes. This zone includes the sediment surface and sub-surface layers, where various organisms live, including benthic invertebrates, fish, and microorganisms. These organisms play a crucial role in the ecosystem by breaking down organic matter and recycling nutrients. Benthic habitats can vary widely, from sandy or muddy bottoms to rocky substrates. The conditions in these environments, such as light availability and water pressure, influence the types of species that can thrive there. Understanding benthic ecosystems is essential for marine biology and environmental conservation.