The Bengal School of Art emerged in the early 20th century in India, primarily as a response to Western artistic influences. Founded by artists like Abanindranath Tagore, it aimed to revive traditional Indian art forms and promote a national identity through painting. The movement emphasized the use of indigenous themes, techniques, and materials, drawing inspiration from ancient Indian art and culture. This school played a crucial role in the Indian art movement, influencing many artists and leading to the establishment of institutions like the Calcutta Art School. The Bengal School's legacy continues to inspire contemporary Indian artists, fostering a blend of traditional and modern artistic expressions.