Beer production involves several key steps, starting with the selection of ingredients: water, malt, hops, and yeast. The process begins with mashing, where the malt is mixed with hot water to convert starches into sugars. This mixture, called wort, is then boiled with hops to add flavor and aroma. After boiling, the wort is cooled and transferred to a fermentation vessel, where yeast is added. The yeast consumes the sugars, producing alcohol and carbon dioxide. This fermentation process can take several days to weeks. Finally, the beer is filtered, carbonated, and packaged for consumption.