Bechuanaland was a historical region in southern Africa, primarily located in what is now Botswana. It was originally a protectorate of the British Empire from 1885 until it gained independence in 1966. The area was inhabited by the Tswana people, who had established various chiefdoms and societies. In 1966, Bechuanaland became the independent nation of Botswana, marking the end of colonial rule. The country is known for its stable democracy and rich wildlife, including the famous Okavango Delta. Today, Botswana is recognized for its efforts in conservation and sustainable tourism.