Bavarian history dates back to the early Middle Ages when it became a duchy in the 6th century. The region was initially inhabited by the Bavarii tribe and later became part of the Holy Roman Empire. Over the centuries, Bavaria expanded its territory and influence, becoming a significant cultural and political center in Europe. In the 19th century, Bavaria transitioned from a kingdom to a state within the German Empire after the unification of Germany in 1871. Today, it is known for its rich traditions, including Oktoberfest, and its picturesque landscapes, such as the Bavarian Alps.