Basic human needs refer to the essential requirements for survival and well-being. These include physiological needs such as food, water, shelter, and sleep. Without these fundamental elements, individuals cannot function effectively or maintain their health. In addition to physiological needs, humans also require safety, love, and belonging, as well as esteem and self-actualization. These needs are often represented in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which illustrates how fulfilling basic needs is crucial for personal development and overall happiness. Meeting these needs fosters a sense of security and connection within communities.