The Bar Kokhba revolt was a major Jewish uprising against the Roman Empire that took place from 132 to 136 CE. Led by Simon Bar Kokhba, the revolt aimed to establish an independent Jewish state in Judea. The conflict arose after tensions escalated due to Roman policies and the construction of a Roman city on the ruins of the Jewish Temple. The revolt initially saw some success, with Bar Kokhba's forces capturing significant territory. However, the Romans eventually responded with overwhelming military force, leading to the defeat of the rebels. The aftermath resulted in severe consequences for the Jewish population, including widespread destruction and exile.