The Banu Abbas, also known as the Abbasid dynasty, was a significant ruling family in Islamic history that came to power in the 8th century. They overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate in 750 CE, establishing their capital in Baghdad, which became a center of culture, science, and trade during the Islamic Golden Age. The Abbasids are known for their contributions to art, literature, and philosophy, fostering an environment of intellectual growth. Their rule lasted until the Mongol invasion in 1258, which marked the end of their political power, although their cultural influence continued in various forms throughout the Islamic world.