Ballot scanning is a process used in elections to read and count votes on paper ballots. Voters fill out their ballots, which are then fed into a scanning machine. This machine uses optical sensors to detect the marks made by the voters, translating them into digital data for counting. The scanned data is then compiled to provide an accurate tally of the votes. Ballot scanning helps ensure the integrity and efficiency of the election process, allowing for quick results while minimizing human error in counting. It is commonly used in various voting systems across many regions.