The Bakken Formation is a geological formation located primarily in the states of North Dakota and Montana, as well as parts of Canada. It is known for its rich deposits of oil and natural gas, making it a significant area for energy production. The formation consists of three main layers: the upper and lower shale layers and a middle layer of sandstone. Discovered in the 1950s, the Bakken Formation gained attention in the early 2000s due to advancements in drilling technology, such as hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling. These techniques have allowed for the extraction of oil from previously inaccessible reserves, leading to an increase in domestic energy production and economic growth in the region.