Bacterial communication, also known as quorum sensing, is a process where bacteria send and receive chemical signals to coordinate their behavior. When a certain population density is reached, these signals trigger changes in gene expression, allowing bacteria to work together. This can lead to activities such as biofilm formation, virulence, and bioluminescence. Different species of bacteria use various signaling molecules, such as acyl-homoserine lactones and autoinducers, to communicate. This communication helps them adapt to their environment, respond to threats, and optimize resource use. Understanding bacterial communication can aid in developing new treatments for infections and managing bacterial populations.