A background process is a program or task that runs on a computer or device without direct user interaction. Unlike foreground processes, which require user input and are visible on the screen, background processes operate behind the scenes. They can perform various functions, such as managing system resources, handling updates, or running scheduled tasks. These processes are essential for maintaining system performance and efficiency. For example, operating systems like Windows or Linux often run background processes to manage memory and handle network connections. Users can monitor these processes through tools like Task Manager or Activity Monitor, allowing them to see which tasks are running in the background.