The Axis powers were a coalition of countries that fought against the Allies during World War II. The main members included Germany, Italy, and Japan. These nations formed alliances to expand their territories and influence, promoting militarism and authoritarian governance. The Axis powers sought to challenge the existing world order and were involved in numerous military campaigns across Europe, Asia, and Africa. Their aggressive actions led to significant global conflict, ultimately resulting in their defeat by the Allied forces, which included countries like the United States, Soviet Union, and United Kingdom.