Automatic control systems are designed to manage and regulate the behavior of machines or processes without human intervention. They use sensors to monitor conditions and controllers to make decisions based on that data, ensuring that systems operate efficiently and safely. Common applications include thermostats in heating systems and cruise control in vehicles. These systems can be classified into two main types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. Open-loop systems operate without feedback, while closed-loop systems continuously adjust their actions based on feedback from the output. This feedback mechanism allows closed-loop systems to maintain desired performance levels even when conditions change.