Austrian politics operates within a federal parliamentary republic framework. The country has a multi-party system, with the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) and the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) being the two dominant parties. The National Council is the primary legislative body, and the Federal President serves as the head of state, while the Chancellor is the head of government. Austria's political landscape is characterized by coalition governments, as no single party typically gains an outright majority. Issues such as immigration, the economy, and environmental policies are central to political debates. The Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) and the Green Party also play significant roles in shaping public policy and discourse.