The Australian Shield is a large geological region in Australia, primarily composed of ancient crystalline rocks. It covers much of the central and western parts of the continent, including areas in the states of Western Australia, Northern Territory, and South Australia. This shield is significant for its rich mineral deposits, including gold, nickel, and iron ore, which are vital to the country's mining industry. The formation of the Australian Shield dates back over 2 billion years, making it one of the oldest geological formations on Earth. Its landscape features rugged terrain, with many areas characterized by low hills and plateaus. The shield plays a crucial role in understanding the geological history of Australia and the processes that shaped its landforms.