Atomic physics is the branch of physics that studies atoms, the basic building blocks of matter. It focuses on the structure of the atom, including its nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, and the surrounding electrons. Understanding atomic interactions helps explain chemical reactions and the properties of different materials. This field also explores phenomena such as quantum mechanics, which describes the behavior of particles at the atomic level. Research in atomic physics has led to advancements in various technologies, including semiconductors, lasers, and nuclear energy, impacting many aspects of modern life.