Assault charges refer to legal accusations against an individual for causing physical harm or threatening to cause harm to another person. These charges can vary in severity, ranging from simple assault, which may involve minor injuries or threats, to aggravated assault, which typically involves more serious injuries or the use of a weapon. In many jurisdictions, the penalties for assault can include fines, probation, or imprisonment, depending on the severity of the offense and the circumstances involved. Legal defenses may include self-defense or lack of intent, and the outcome often depends on the evidence presented in court.