Article 9 refers to a provision in the Japanese Constitution that renounces war and prohibits Japan from maintaining military forces for warfare. Adopted in 1947, it states that the Japanese people desire peace and will not use force to settle international disputes. This has shaped Japan's post-war identity and its approach to international relations. The article has sparked debate within Japan regarding national defense and military capabilities. Some argue that it limits Japan's ability to respond to security threats, while others believe it is essential for maintaining peace. Amendments to Article 9 have been proposed, but none have been enacted.