Arthur Koestler was a Hungarian-British author and journalist, born on September 5, 1905. He is best known for his novel Darkness at Noon, which explores the moral dilemmas faced by individuals in totalitarian regimes. Koestler's experiences as a political activist and his time in prison during the Spanish Civil War deeply influenced his writing and views on politics and society. In addition to his literary work, Koestler was a prominent thinker on topics such as science, philosophy, and psychology. He wrote extensively on the nature of creativity and the human condition, contributing to discussions on the intersection of science and spirituality. Koestler passed away on March 3, 1983.