Arthroplasty is a surgical procedure that involves the reconstruction or replacement of a damaged joint. This operation is commonly performed on joints such as the hip, knee, or shoulder to relieve pain and restore function, especially in patients with conditions like arthritis or joint injuries. During the procedure, the damaged joint surfaces are removed and replaced with artificial components, often made of metal, plastic, or ceramic materials. The goal of arthroplasty is to improve mobility and quality of life for individuals suffering from joint pain and dysfunction.