Artaxerxes II was a king of the Persian Empire who ruled from 404 to 358 BCE. He was the son of Darius II and Parysatis, and his reign is noted for its internal challenges, including revolts and conflicts with the Greek city-states. During his rule, Artaxerxes II faced the Peloponnesian War and the rise of Cyrus the Younger, who attempted to overthrow him. Despite these challenges, he managed to maintain control over his empire and is remembered for his diplomatic efforts and military campaigns, particularly against the Achaemenid rivals.