Archelaus of Macedon was a king who ruled from 413 to 399 BCE. He was the son of King Perdiccas II and is known for his efforts to strengthen the Macedonian kingdom. Archelaus expanded the territory and improved the economy by promoting agriculture and trade. He is also recognized for his patronage of the arts and culture, inviting famous figures like the playwright Euripides to his court. Archelaus' reign marked a significant period in the development of Macedon, setting the stage for future leaders, including his successor, Philip II.