Archduke Francis of Austria, also known as Francis II, was born on February 12, 1768, and became the last Holy Roman Emperor, reigning from 1792 until the dissolution of the empire in 1806. He was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and played a significant role in European politics during the turbulent times of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. After the fall of the Holy Roman Empire, Francis established the Austrian Empire in 1804, where he served as its first emperor until his abdication in 1835. His reign was marked by efforts to maintain stability and counter revolutionary movements across Europe, as well as significant territorial changes resulting from various conflicts.