The title "Archduchess of Austria" refers to a noble rank in the Habsburg dynasty, which ruled over the Austro-Hungarian Empire. An archduchess is typically the daughter or sister of an archduke, a title that signifies high nobility. The Habsburgs were influential in European politics and culture from the late Middle Ages until the early 20th century. Archduchesses often played significant roles in dynastic marriages, which were strategic alliances between royal families. Notable figures include Marie Antoinette, who became Queen of France, and Archduchess Sophie, the mother of Emperor Franz Joseph I. These women contributed to the political landscape of Europe during their time.