Arab nationalism is a political and cultural movement that seeks to promote the unity and independence of Arab people across the Middle East and North Africa. It emphasizes shared language, history, and culture among Arab nations, advocating for self-determination and sovereignty from colonial powers. The movement gained momentum in the early 20th century, particularly after World War I, as many Arab countries sought to break free from Ottoman Empire and European colonial rule. Key figures in this movement include Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt and Michel Aflaq, who helped shape the ideology and political landscape of the Arab world.