Application components are the building blocks of software applications. They include various elements such as user interfaces, databases, and business logic that work together to perform specific functions. Each component plays a crucial role in ensuring the application operates smoothly and meets user needs. Common types of application components include frontend elements like buttons and forms, which users interact with, and backend components like servers and databases that handle data processing and storage. Together, these components create a cohesive system that delivers a seamless experience to users while maintaining efficient performance.