Antoine Arnauld was a French philosopher, theologian, and mathematician born in 1612. He was a prominent figure in the Jansenist movement, which emphasized a strict interpretation of Augustinian theology. Arnauld is best known for his works on philosophy and religion, particularly his critiques of Cartesianism and his defense of the Jansenist position against the Catholic Church. Arnauld's most significant contributions include his writings on logic and his collaboration with other thinkers, such as Blaise Pascal. He was also involved in various theological controversies, which led to his excommunication from the Catholic Church. Arnauld passed away in 1694, leaving a lasting impact on philosophy and theology.