Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria evolve and become resistant to the effects of antibiotics, which are medications used to treat bacterial infections. This means that standard treatments become less effective, making infections harder to control and increasing the risk of severe illness or death. The misuse and overuse of antibiotics in humans and animals contribute significantly to this problem. When antibiotics are taken unnecessarily or not completed as prescribed, it can allow bacteria to survive and adapt. This growing resistance poses a serious public health threat, making it crucial to use antibiotics responsibly and develop new treatment options.