An antenna pattern, also known as a radiation pattern, describes how an antenna radiates or receives electromagnetic waves in different directions. It is typically represented in a two-dimensional or three-dimensional graph, showing the strength of the signal at various angles. The pattern helps engineers understand how well an antenna will perform in specific applications, such as in telecommunications or broadcasting. Antenna patterns can be classified into different types, such as omnidirectional, which radiates equally in all directions, and directional, which focuses energy in a specific direction. Understanding these patterns is crucial for optimizing antenna placement and ensuring effective communication in systems like cellular networks and Wi-Fi.