Animal variants refer to the different forms or types of a species that arise due to genetic differences, environmental factors, or adaptations. These variations can include differences in size, color, behavior, or physical traits. For example, the Peppered Moth has light and dark variants that evolved based on the pollution levels in their environment. These variants play a crucial role in the survival of species, as they can help animals adapt to changing conditions. Natural selection often favors certain variants, leading to a greater chance of survival and reproduction. This process contributes to the overall diversity of life on Earth.