Animal cruelty refers to the intentional harm or neglect of animals, causing them physical or emotional suffering. This can include actions such as beating, torturing, or abandoning pets, as well as neglecting their basic needs like food, water, and shelter. Laws against animal cruelty vary by region, but many places have regulations to protect animals from abuse. Animal cruelty can also occur in industries such as factory farming, animal testing, and entertainment, where animals may be subjected to harsh conditions or treatment. Organizations like the ASPCA and Humane Society work to prevent animal cruelty and promote the welfare of animals through education and advocacy.