Androgen receptors are proteins found in various tissues throughout the body that bind to androgens, which are male hormones like testosterone. These receptors play a crucial role in mediating the effects of androgens, influencing processes such as muscle growth, hair development, and reproductive functions. When androgens attach to these receptors, they activate specific genes that regulate cellular activities. This interaction is essential for maintaining male characteristics and overall health. Dysregulation of androgen receptors can lead to conditions like androgen insensitivity syndrome or contribute to diseases such as prostate cancer.