Anders Celsius was a Swedish astronomer and physicist, born on November 27, 1701. He is best known for creating the Celsius temperature scale, which is widely used around the world today. The scale is based on the freezing and boiling points of water, set at 0 degrees and 100 degrees, respectively. Celsius studied various scientific fields, including astronomy and meteorology. He contributed to the understanding of the aurora borealis and published several works on the subject. His legacy continues through the Celsius scale, which remains a standard for measuring temperature in many countries.