Ancient science refers to the early forms of scientific inquiry and knowledge developed by civilizations such as the Egyptians, Greeks, and Chinese. These cultures made significant contributions in fields like astronomy, mathematics, and medicine, often blending observation with philosophical thought. For example, the Greeks introduced the concept of rationalism, while the Egyptians excelled in practical applications like geometry for land surveying. Many ancient scientists, such as Aristotle and Hippocrates, laid the groundwork for future scientific methods. They emphasized observation and reasoning, which helped shape the understanding of the natural world. Although their methods were not as systematic as modern science, their ideas influenced generations and established a foundation for future discoveries.