Ancient coinage refers to the earliest forms of money used in trade and commerce, dating back to around 600 BCE. The first coins were made from precious metals like gold and silver, often stamped with images of rulers or symbols to signify authenticity and value. These coins facilitated easier transactions compared to bartering goods directly. Different civilizations, such as the Greeks, Romans, and Persians, developed their own unique coinage systems. Coins not only served as currency but also reflected the culture and economy of their time. The study of ancient coins, known as numismatics, helps historians understand trade routes and societal values in ancient civilizations.