"Alors que" is a French conjunction that translates to "while" or "whereas" in English. It is used to introduce a contrast between two situations or actions. For example, one might say, "Alors que je préfère le thé, mon ami aime le café," meaning "While I prefer tea, my friend likes coffee." This structure helps to highlight differences in opinions or actions. In addition to contrasting ideas, "alors que" can also indicate simultaneous actions. For instance, "Alors que je lisais, il regardait la télévision" translates to "While I was reading, he was watching television." This usage emphasizes that two activities are happening at the same time, providing a clearer context for the reader.