Algorithmic Theory is a branch of computer science that focuses on the design, analysis, and optimization of algorithms. An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or formula for solving a problem. This theory helps in understanding how algorithms work, their efficiency, and their limitations, which is crucial for developing effective software and systems. The study of Algorithmic Theory involves various concepts, including complexity theory, which examines the resources required by algorithms, and computability theory, which explores what problems can be solved by algorithms. Researchers in this field aim to create algorithms that are not only correct but also efficient in terms of time and space.