Alfalfa is a perennial flowering plant in the legume family, known scientifically as Medicago sativa. It is widely cultivated as a forage crop for livestock due to its high nutritional value, rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals. Alfalfa is often used in hay, silage, and pellets, making it a staple in animal feed. This plant thrives in well-drained soils and requires plenty of sunlight and water. Alfalfa also plays a role in improving soil health by fixing nitrogen, which benefits subsequent crops. Its deep root system helps prevent soil erosion and promotes sustainable farming practices.